Dinamika Produksi Dan Status Pemanfaatan Lobster (Panulirus spp.) Pada Perikanan Skala Kecil Di Indonesia: Analisis Periode 2019–2024
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33019/jtms.v9i2.7461Keywords:
Lobster, Perikanan Skala Kecil, WPP, Tingkat Pemanfaatan, Over-exploitedAbstract
Lobster (Panulirus spp.) fisheries in Indonesia are dominated by small-scale fishers. This study analyzes production dynamics, value, utilization status, and fishing operation characteristics based on Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries data for 2019–2024. Methods include quantitative descriptive analysis of temporal trends, spatial distribution by Fisheries Management Area (WPP), utilization rate evaluation, and fishing gear and fleet composition. Results show national production fluctuated, peaking at 11,191.03 tons in 2023. Production concentrates in three WPPs: 572, 718, and 573, with a combined 74.10% contribution. Actual utilization rates (2022-2024) for WPPs 572 and 573 reached 2.51 and 1.46, indicating critical over-exploited status. Passive gear dominates (>73% of production), and small-scale fleets (<5 GT) contribute >60% of national catch. These findings reveal a paradox between the small-scale sector's economic contribution and severe ecological pressure, alongside a policy-implementation gap, necessitating more responsive, WPP-based management reorientation.
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