EKOTONIA: Jurnal Penelitian Biologi, Botani, Zoologi dan Mikrobiologi
Ekotonia: Jurnal Penelitian Biologi, Botani, Zoologi dan Mikrobiologi, accept articles in Indonesia and English by covering several topics of biological studies such as botany, zoology, and microbiology. This journal encompasses original research articles, review articles, and short communications, including: plant growth; reproduction; metabolism; plant development; plant evolution; comparative anatomy; animal psychology; molecular biology; ethology; behavioral ecology; evolutionary biology; taxonomy; paleontology; bacteria; fungi; microscopic algae; protozoa; archaea and etc. Editor accepts the article has not been published in other media with the writing format as listed on page manuscript writing guidelines. This journal is published twice a year, in June & December. a
Biology Study Program, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Bangka Belitung, Indonesia
Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Bakteri Penambat Nitrogen Asal Bintil Akar Akasia Daun Lebar (Acacia mangium) di Lahan Pascatambang Timah
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mengkarakterisasi bakteri penambat nitrogen dari bintil akar Acacia mangium yang tumbuh di lahan pascatambang timah di Bangka. Penelitian dilaksanakan melalui beberapa tahapan, mulai dari pengambilan sampel bintil akar, isolasi bakteri pada media YEMA, uji kemampuan fiksasi nitrogen pada media Löwenstein-Jensen dan Nitrogen-Free Bromothymol Blue, serta karakterisasi makroskopis, mikroskopis, dan biokimia. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa keempat isolat bakteri (R1, R2, R3, dan R4) mampu menambat nitrogen, yang ditandai dengan perubahan warna media Nitrogen-Free Bromothymol Blue (NfB) menjadi biru dan pertumbuhan koloni pada media Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ). Karakterisasi menunjukkan bahwa seluruh isolat merupakan bakteri Gram negatif, dengan bentuk koloni putih dan elevasi datar, serta positif terhadap uji katalase dan motilitas. Perhitungan TPC menunjukkan populasi bakteri yang tinggi, terutama pada isolat R3 dan R4 dengan rata-rata 1,69 × 10⁸ CFU/ml. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa Acacia mangium memiliki potensi simbion yang efektif dalam fiksasi nitrogen, sehingga berperan penting dalam strategi reklamasi lahan pascatambang untuk memperbaiki kesuburan tanah secara hayati.
Copyright (c) 2026 Kurnia Dewi Lastri, Liza Susanti, Viola Hwa Rendcia, Anisa Oktri, Dimelza http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Bakteri Rhizosfer Pelarut Fosfat Tumbuhan Kedebik (Melastoma malabactricum L.) di Lahan Pasca Tambang Timah
Aktivitas penambangan timah di Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung telah menyebabkan degradasi lahan pascatambang yang ditandai oleh rendahnya kesuburan tanah dan ketersediaan fosfor. Pemanfaatan bakteri pelarut fosfat yang berasosiasi dengan rhizosfer tumbuhan kedebik (Melastoma malabathricum L.), salah satu tumbuhan pionir di lahan bekas tambang timah, berpotensi meningkatkan ketersediaan fosfor dan mendukung revegetasi lahan pascatambang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan menguji potensi bakteri pelarut fosfat dari rhizosfer tanaman kedebik di lahan pasca tambang timah di Bangka. Metode yang digunakan meliputi pengambilan sampel tanah secara purposive, inokulasi bakteri melalui media Pikovskaya, serta pengamatan makroskopis dan mikroskopis terhadap isolat bakteri. Terdapat empat isolat bakteri yang memiliki area zona bening terbesar dengan karakter yang berbeda-beda. Keempat isolat bakteri tersebut diberi kode yakni ISB 1, ISB 2, ISB 3 dan ISB 4. Hasil karakteristik dan uji biokimia kemungkinan bakteri pelarut fosfat dari rhizosfer tumbuhan Kedebik termasuk genus Actinomycetes. Pengujian kualitatif menunjukkan bahwa isolat bakteri mampu membentuk zona bening sebagai indikator kemampuan melarutkan fosfat, dengan variasi kemampuan pelarutan yang berbeda-beda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa bakteri pelarut fosfat dari rhizosfer tanaman kedebik memiliki potensi sebagai agen biofertilizer alami dalam rehabilitasi lahan pasca tambang timah yang mengalami kerusakan dan kekurangan unsur hara fosfor, sehingga dapat meningkatkan kesuburan tanah secara berkelanjutan dan mendukung pertumbuhan tanaman.
Copyright (c) 2026 Moneta, Jovita Sasikirana, Kartika Dwi Rahayu, Danella Aisah Maheswari, Suhendi http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Isolasi dan Identifikasi Jamur Penyebab Penyakit Layu pada Tanaman Terong (Solanum melongena L.)
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jamur penyebab penyakit layu pada tanaman terong (Solanum melongena L.) di Desa Balunijuk, Kecamatan Merawang, Kabupaten Bangka. Metode penelitian meliputi observasi langsung di lapangan, wawancara dengan petani, isolasi jamur patogen secara in vitro, serta identifikasi morfologi koloni secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis di laboratorium. Sampel diambil dari akar, batang, dan daun tanaman terong yang menunjukkan gejala layu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyakit layu ditandai dengan daun menguning dan mengering, batang berwarna coklat, serta akar menghitam. Isolasi menunjukkan pertumbuhan koloni jamur pada media Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) dengan karakteristik morfologi spesifik. Identifikasi awal menunjukkan bahwa patogen yang diduga menyebabkan penyakit layu berasal dari genus Phytophthora sp. dan Penicillium sp., berdasarkan pengamatan morfologi hifa dan spora. Faktor lingkungan seperti kelembaban tinggi dan pH tanah yang agak asam turut berperan dalam peningkatan insidensi penyakit. Penelitian ini memberikan gambaran awal mengenai jenis jamur penyebab penyakit layu pada tanaman terong dan dapat menjadi dasar dalam pengembangan strategi pengendalian hayati yang efektif dan ramah lingkungan.
Terong, Penyakit Layu, Jamur Patogen, Isolasi, Identifikasi
Copyright (c) 2026 Yulianti, Aprilia Tri Astuti, Diki, Marselawati, Neli Agustin http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Bakteri Rhizobium dari Bintil Akar Putri Malu di Lahan Pascatambang Timah
Indonesia, sebagai produsen timah terbesar kedua di dunia setelah Cina, memiliki sejarah panjang penambangan timah yang sejak era kolonial berkontribusi signifikan terhadap ekonomi namun juga menyebabkan degradasi lingkungan serius seperti polusi logam berat, erosi, hilangnya keanekaragaman hayati, serta dampak negatif pada kesuburan tanah dan ekosistem perairan dan udara akibat mayoritas penambangan terbuka yang merusak lanskap dan mencuci unsur hara. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengisolasi dan mengkarakterisasi bakteri penambat nitrogen simbion dari bintil akar Putri Malu (Mimosa pudica) di lahan bekas tambang timah di Bangka Belitung yang memiliki tanah kritis dengan pH asam, kapasitas tukar kation rendah, dan kadar hara esensial rendah, guna mendukung rehabilitasi tanah terdegradasi melalui peningkatan kesuburan dan produktivitas lahan. Penelitian bakteri penambat nitrogen menggunakan metode tempel dan pengenceran kemudian diisolasi menggunakan media YEMA yang diperkaya dengan Congo Red (CR) dengan pemurnian bakteri dilanjutkan pengujian kemampuan fiksasi nitrogen (N2), karakterisasi bakteri Rhizobium, pewarnaan gram dan uji biokimia yang meliputi: uji motilitas (Sulfide Indole Motility), uji katalase, hidrolisis gula (Triple Sugar Iron Agar). Hasil yang diperoleh sebanyak 6 isolat terdeteksi mampu menghasilkan enzim nitrogenase dengan kondisi mikrobiotat yang optimal.
Copyright (c) 2026 Latifa Ali Ghasia, Nazwa Angelita Darmawan, Syafira Auliani Syafiqo, Marcela, Yuanda Anggari http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Bakteri Penambat Nitrogen Asal Rizosfer Senggani (Melastoma malabahtricum L.) di Lahan Pascatambang Timah
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mengkarakterisasi bakteri penambat nitrogen dari rizosfer tanaman senggani (Melastoma malabathricum L.) di lahan pasca tambang timah Desa Riding Panjang, Kabupaten Bangka. Sampel tanah dikumpulkan secara acak dari lima titik pada kedalaman 0–20 cm. Isolasi bakteri dilakukan dengan metode pour plate dan mengisolasi sampel tanah pada pengenceran 10-4 dan 10-5, dilanjutkan dengan purifikasi dan karakterisasi bakteri berupa morfolog makroskopis maupun mikroskopis dan uji biokimia serta uji penambat nitrogen. Tiga isolat bakteri berhasil diperoleh, masing-masing menunjukkan morfologi koloni yang berbeda serta tergolong bakteri gram negatif. Seluruh isolat menunjukkan reaksi positif terhadap uji katalase, oksidase, dan motilitas, serta memiliki pola fermentasi gula yang bervariasi pada media TSIA. Pengujian pada media Jensen dan NfB mengonfirmasi bahwa ketiga isolat memiliki kemampuan menambat nitrogen, ditunjukkan oleh terbentuknya pelikel dan perubahan warna media. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa isolat bakteri dari rizosfer senggani memiliki potensi sebagai agen biofertilizer untuk mendukung rehabilitasi lahan terdegradasi akibat penambangan timah, terutama melalui mekanisme fiksasi nitrogen non-simbiotik.
bakteri penambat nitrogen, rizosfer senggani, biofertilizer, lahan pasca tambang, Bangka Belitung.
Copyright (c) 2026 Aqilah, Faadilah Majeeda, Rangga Saputra, Alifia Selvy Gumay, Siti Komariah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Isolation and Characterization of Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacteria from the Rhizosphere of Acasia mangium Plants in Tin Post-Mining Land
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya bakteri pelarut fosfat dan karakteristiknya dari hasil isolasi tanah yang terdapat di rhizofer tumbuhan akasia (Acacia mangium) dikondisi tanah lahan pasca tambang timah. Pada penelitian ini, sampel yang diambil adalah sampel tanah diambil di lahan pascatambang timah Kampoeng Reklamasi Air Jangkang, Desa Riding Panjang, Kecamatan Merawang, Kabupaten Bangka, kemudian dianalisis di Laboratorium Terpadu, Fakultas Sains dan Teknik, Universitas Bangka Belitung. Tahap isolasi dan identifikasi sampel sampai teridentifikasinya bakteri pelarut fosfat dari rhizosfer tumbuhan Acacia mangium melalui beberapa tahap yaitu pengambilan sampel, isolasi bakteri pelarut fosfat (BPF), pemurnian isolat bakteri pelarut fosfat, pengujian kemampuan isolat sebagai bakteri pelarut fosfat (BPF), karakterisasi bakteri pelarut fosfat (BPF), pewarnaan gram, uji motilitas, uji TSIA, uji MR-VP, dan uji katalase. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, didapatkan bakteri pelarut fosfat berupa: Bacillus sp, Pseudomonas sp, Neisseria sp, Staphylococcus sp. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat bakteri pelarut fosfat dari rhizosfer tumbuhan Acacia mangium di lahan pascatambang timah Kampoeng Reklamasi Air Jangkang, Desa Riding Panjang, Kecamatan Merawang, Kabupaten Bangka, antara lain Bacillus sp, Pseudomonas sp, Neisseria sp, Staphylococcus sp dengan karakteristik yang berbeda sesuai dengan jenisnya masing-masing.
Copyright (c) 2026 Bunga Lestari, Dina Famuri, Marisa Olieviani, Ririn Cindya Sari, Shopy Mayang Sari http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Inventarisasi Spesies Tumbuhan Asing Invasif di Geosite Pelangas Hill Kabupaten Bangka Barat
Tumbuhan asing invasif merupakan tumbuhan yang berpotensi menjadi ancaman serius terhadap kestabilan ekosistem karena kemampuannya beradaptasi cepat dan mendominasi habitat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi jenis tumbuhan asing invasif serta menganalisis indeks keanekaragaman dan faktor abiotik yang memengaruhi persebarannya di Geosite Pelangas Hill, Kabupaten Bangka Barat. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada tiga zona ketinggian (75–185 mdpl), serta mengukur faktor abiotik meliputi suhu, pH tanah, kelembaban udara, kelembaban tanah, dan intensitas cahaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 15 spesies tumbuhan asing invasif dengan Asteraceae sebagai famili yang paling dominan. Clidemia hirta ditemukan pada seluruh zona ketinggian, dengan kepadatan tertinggi pada ketinggian I dan menurun seiring bertambahnya ketinggian. Indeks keanekaragaman Shannon–Wiener (H’) menunjukkan nilai 2,49, kategori sedang pada ketinggian I, sedangkan pada ketinggian II dan III bernilai 0. Indeks kekayaan jenis (R) sebesar 1,74 pada ketinggian I dan 0 pada ketinggian II serta III. Indeks kemerataan (E) mencapai 0,920 pada ketinggian I, sementara pada ketinggian II dan III bernilai 0. Indeks dominansi (C) sebesar 0,086 pada ketinggian I dan meningkat menjadi 1 pada ketinggian II dan III akibat dominansi Clidemia hirta. Analisis PCA biplot menunjukkan bahwa suhu udara, pH tanah, dan intensitas cahaya merupakan faktor abiotik utama yang memengaruhi persebaran tumbuhan asing invasif.
Copyright (c) 2025 Devia Mutiara, Rahmad Lingga, Rinny Saputri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Bird Diversity in Open Green Spaces in Pangkalpinang City
Urban development and construction can have both positive and negative impacts. Negative impacts include traffic jams, flooding, drought, water and air pollution, and various other environmental problems. Increasing green open spaces (or Ruang Terbuka Hijau, hereafter RTH) is expected to provide solutions to minimize the negative impacts of development. The presence of vegetation in RTH is expected to act as a water catchment area, neutralize pollutants, and act as the city's lungs as it serve as habitat for various animals, including birds. This study aims to explore bird diversity in RTH in Pangkalpinang City. Data collection was conducted in May 2019 in four city parks in Pangkalpinang City: Lapangan Merdeka Square, Wilhelmina Park, Timah Complex Park, and Bhayangkari Babel Park. A total of 227 individuals from 16 bird species from three orders and eight families were found at the study sites. In general, bird diversity in the four locations is considered as low to moderate. There is a tendency for an increase in bird diversity along with the increasing amount of vegetation in each RTH. Passeriformes (a group of songbirds) are the most commonly found group. This supports the function of green open space in Pangkalpinang City in providing recreational services for urban residents, in addition to other ecological services that birds can provide to support the green space's function. Among RTH we visited, Taman Komplek Timah is the most bird-friendly green space.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nur Annis, Aeng Saputra http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Toponymic Study of Village and Sub-Districts Naming in Bangka Barat Regency Based on Flora, Fauna, and Natural Landscape
Penamaan tempat berfungsi sebagai bentuk identitas yang membantu orang mengenali dan membedakan suatu daerah. Nama-nama kelurahan di Kabupaten Bangka Barat memiliki makna dan sejarah berdasarkan flora, fauna, dan bentang alam. Toponimi mencerminkan interaksi manusia dengan lingkungan alamnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi flora, fauna, dan bentang alam yang digunakan dalam penamaan kelurahan di Kabupaten Bangka Barat, memastikan status konservasinya, dan menentukan pemanfaatannya oleh masyarakat setempat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif dan kualitatif. Lokasi penelitian ditentukan dengan purposive sampling. Metode pengumpulan data adalah wawancara semi-terstruktur, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Wawancara dilakukan dengan 86 informan yang ditentukan melalui purposive sampling dan snowball sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 25 jenis flora, 1 jenis fauna, dan 6 bentuk bentang alam yang digunakan sebagai nama kelurahan di Kabupaten Bangka Barat. Sebagian besar nama flora digunakan karena umumnya ditemukan di daerah tersebut dan memiliki nilai budaya atau ekonomi bagi masyarakat setempat. Salah satu flora ini, Eusideroxylon zwageri, perlu segera dikonservasi karena memiliki status VU (Vulnerable) menurut IUCN. Spesies tumbuhan yang menamai sebuah desa di Bangka Barat ini umumnya digunakan oleh penduduk setempat sebagai bahan bangunan.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nabila Nabila Ummi Napisah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Toponymic Study of Naming Villages/Sub-districts in Belitung Regency Based on Flora, Fauna, and Landscape
Toponimi adalah studi tentang nama tempat berdasarkan informasi geografis dan historis, menggunakan kata-kata atau kelompok kata untuk menunjukkan, mengidentifikasi, dan memberi nama daerah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi flora, fauna, dan bentang alam yang digunakan dalam penamaan desa dan kecamatan di Kabupaten Belitung terkait dengan unsur flora, fauna, dan bentang alam. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode purposive sampling dengan data diperoleh melalui wawancara semi terstruktur, kemudian melakukan observasi di lapangan dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Sebanyak 68 informan dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik purposive dan snowball sampling. Hasil penelitian yang telah diperoleh adalah 12 flora termasuk medang perawas, pelepak pute dan petaling, selain itu ada 2 fauna yaitu binga dan rusa, kemudian bentang alam seperti tanjung, sungai dan bukit, 10 bentang alam dan flora, 2 bentang alam dan fauna yang digunakan sebagai penamaan kecamatan/desa di Kabupaten Belitung. Status konservasi flora dan fauna menunjukkan bahwa 9 jenis flora termasuk dalam kategori Least concern, 3 jenis flora dan 2 jenis fauna termasuk dalam kategori Data deficient, 2 jenis flora termasuk dalam kategori Near threatened, dan 1 jenis fauna termasuk dalam kategori Vulnerable, yaitu rusa (Cervus unicolor). Pemanfaatan flora dan fauna yang paling umum adalah sebagai bahan bangunan dan sumber pangan.
Copyright (c) 2026 Alda Putri Valentina http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Toponymic Study of Village/Sub-districts Naming in Bangka Selatan Regency Based on Flora, Fauna, and Landscape
Penamaan kelurahan/desa berperan dalam memberikan identitas pada suatu daerah, sehingga mudah dikenali. Bidang studi ini dikenal sebagai toponimi. Dasar penamaan kelurahan/desa di Kabupaten Bangka Selatan bervariasi, seperti nama yang berasal dari flora, fauna, dan bentang alam. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengumpulkan informasi terkait jenis flora, fauna, dan bentang alam yang digunakan sebagai nama kelurahan/desa. Penentuan lokasi dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan purposive sampling, yang berfokus pada kelurahan/desa yang menggunakan nama flora, fauna, atau bentang alam. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif yang menggabungkan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara semi terstruktur, observasi lapangan, dan dokumentasi. Sebanyak 63 informan dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik purposive dan snowball sampling. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa sebanyak 17 jenis flora, 2 jenis fauna, dan 4 jenis bentang alam digunakan sebagai nama kelurahan/desa di Kabupaten Bangka Selatan. Status konservasi menunjukkan bahwa 4 spesies flora berstatus LC, 7 spesies flora dan 1 spesies fauna berstatus DD, serta 1 spesies fauna berstatus NT, yaitu burung pergam (Ducula aenea) yang menunjukkan perlunya upaya konservasi untuk mencegah kepunahan spesies tersebut. Masyarakat lokal memanfaatkan flora dan fauna ini terutama untuk bahan bangunan dan sumber pangan
Copyright (c) 2026 Denada http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Effect of Light on the Growth of Oryza sativa and Vigna sp.
Light is a major factor that regulates photomorphogenesis in plants, influencing the mechanisms of etiolation and de-etiolation. This study aims to evaluate the effect of light intensity on the growth and development parameters of Oryza sativa and Vigna sp. through comparative observation in light and dark conditions. The results showed that sprouts in dark conditions underwent etiolation, which was characterized by significant stem elongation, pale leaves, and fragile plant morphology. In contrast, in light conditions de-etiolation occurs, which results in shorter stems, green leaves, and a more robust plant structure. Quantitative parameters include epicotyl:hypocotyl ratio, stem length, root length, and stomata activity level. The results showed a higher epicotyl:hypocotyl ratio in dark conditions than light. This physiological mechanism involves phytochrome activity, which through its active form (Pfr) mediates the interaction of DELLA proteins with transcription factors PIFs, thereby inhibiting the expression of cell elongation genes. The activity of the stomata is higher in bright conditions, which supports the optimization of gas exchange for photosynthesis.The results of this research contribute to the development of sustainable agricultural systems and increase crop productivity.
Copyright (c) 2025 Devita Harijayanti http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Diversity of Pteridophyta around Padang State University Area, Air Tawar Barat
Ferns (Pteridophyta) are an important component of the ecosystem, contributing to biodiversity and environmental stability. Padang State University Air Tawar Barat area has the potential for fern diversity that has not been fully explored. This study aims to describe the diversity and distribution of ferns in the area. The method used was descriptive-explorative with sampling in 20 plots measuring 5 m x 5 m. The results showed that there were nine species belonging to five families, with a diversity index of 1.96 which is classified as moderate. Pyrrosia piloselloides species was found to be the most dominant. This level of diversity is lower compared to studies in other locations, due to the influence of human activities on the habitat. Environmental factors such as neutral soil pH, relatively warm temperatures and high humidity favor the growth of ferns. These findings emphasize the importance of understanding the relationship between abiotic factors and species diversity, as well as the need for conservation efforts to maintain ecosystems in the West Freshwater State University area.
Copyright (c) 2025 Siti Sahara, serli sri wahyuni, S Syamsurizal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Tanaman jambu biji Dersono (Syzygium malaccense) dapat digunakan sebagai obat alami yang berperan dalam meningkatkan imunitas tubuh dan melindungi tubuh dari infeksi mikroba. Selain itu, jamu Dersono diyakini oleh masyarakat Gembong sebagai tanaman bersejarah di masa lalu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti pohon jambu biji Dersono di punden Nyai Cipluk sebagai tempat tradisi sedekah bumi di desa Gembong agar dapat mengenal budaya yang ada pada zaman dahulu. Penelitian ini digunakan untuk memahami sejarah tanaman jambu biji dan mengidentifikasi makna tradisi sedekah bumi yang dilakukan di punden Nyai Cipluk. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah Pak Modin dan seseorang yang tahu tentang sejarah punden Nyai Cipluk. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dan pengumpulan data diperoleh melalui beberapa tahap, antara lain observasi langsung dengan Nyai Cipluk, wawancara dengan Bapak Modin, dan terakhir dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang diperoleh, diharapkan dapat membantu mengenalkan sejarah jambu dersono dan Nyai Cipluk punden di desa Gembong serta dapat memahami makna sedekah bumi.
Guava Dersono (Syzygium malaccense), Punden Nyai Cipluk, Alms Earth
Copyright (c) 2024 Sania Ainur Rizkia, Unik Uvita Sari, Shofwatun Nada
Study of the behavior of Long Tailed Monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) in the Jumprit Indigenous Forest
Research on the behavior of long-tailed monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) was conducted in the Jumprit Customary Forest located on the slopes of Mount Sumbing, Jumprit Village, Ngadirejo District, Temanggung Regency. This study aims to determine the daily behavior of long-tailed monkeys in the Jumprit Customary Forest. This research is included in the type of exploratory descriptive research with direct observation into the field. The method used in the preliminary research was in the form of the Ad Libitum Sampling method, while in the main study the Scan Sampling method was used by observing behavior in a small population of long-tailed monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Data collection was carried out for 7 days at time intervals between 08.00 to 16.00. The observed data is then processed descriptively, qualitatively and quantitatively. The results of the observations obtained behavioral activity of long-tailed monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) which were observed consisting of 8 types of behavior, namely foraging behavior, moving, playing, social interaction, inactivity, vocalizing, mating and mother and child interaction. Both places of observation have different intensities of behavioral activity. Place 1 (forest border with highway) shows the intensity of long-tailed monkey behavior that is lower than the behavioral intensity of long-tailed monkeys in place 2 (Umbul Jumprit).
Macaca fascicularis, Jumprit Customary Forest, Daily behavior
Copyright (c) 2024 Robithoh Ranitia Fitriani, Erna Wijayanti
Ethnobotanical Study of Medicina Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants Used by the Indigenous Community of Mbaham in Karas District Fakfak Regency West Papua
Medicinal plants are the main element in the local medicine system in Karas District, Fakfak Regency. This is closely related to the culture and traditional knowledge of the community. This study aims to identify the species of medicinal plants used by Traditional Medicine Practitioners (TMP) An ethnobotanical survey was conducted to collect information from Traditional Medicine Practitioners from January to February 2023. The research method used by interviewing six informants who had information about the use of medicinal plants. The results showed that there were 57 species of medicinal plants from 35 families that had been used to treat 39 types of diseases. The most used plan part by TMP is leaf (19%) Boiling is the most commonly used processing method. Medicinal plants with the highest use value used by TMP are Andrographis paniculata, Annona muricata, Momordica charantia, Terminalia catappa, Jatropha curcas, Spatholobus littoralis, Piper betle, Cymbopogon citratus, Citrus aurantifolia, Curcuma longa, dan Zingiber officinale with a UV value = 1.00. The category of circulatory system is the most treated disease category with an ICF value of 0.8. Medicinal plants with the highest percentage accuracy value are Andrographis paniculata, Annona muricata, Momordica charantia, Terminalia catappa, Jatropha curcas, Spatholobus littoralis, Piper betle, Cymbopogon citratus, Citrus aurantifolia, Curcuma longa, dan Zingiber officinale with FL = 100%. Keywords: Ethnobotany, Karas District, Fakfak, Traditional Medicine Practitioners (TMP), Medicinal Plant.
Ethnobotany, Karas District, Fakfak, Traditional Medicine Practitioners (TMP), Medicinal Plant.
Copyright (c) 2024 Santi Ubay, Fitmawati Fitmawati
Binturong Behavior (Arctictis binturong) at the Alobi Animal Rescue Center (PPS), Bangka Belitung Province
Binturong (Arctictis binturong) is an animal in the Viverridae family and one of the endangered species. The research was conducted at the Alobi Animal Rescue Center (PPS) from April 27-30 2023. The Alobi Wildlife Rescue Center (PPS) is a special conservation organization located in Bangka Belitung Province. The aim of this study was to analyze and identify the behavior of the Binturong animal (Arctictis binturong) in the Alobi PPS area. The research used direct observation methods, behavior sampling, interviews and data analysis. The animal objects observed were three binturongs, namely male binturongs (Wembi and Bembi) and female binturongs (Maya). The results obtained during the study were the highest locomotion activity in Maya with a frequency of 233, and the lowest locomotion activity in Bembi with a frequency of 74.5. Then, the highest grooming was in Maya with a frequency of 34 and the lowest in Bembi 26 followed by the highest eating and drinking activities in Maya with a frequency of 18 and the lowest in Bembi 2. The highest social activity was in Bembi 13.5 and the lowest in Wembi was 0. The activity of breaking off the highest frequency i.e. 77 in Maya and the lowest in Bembi 9. The highest sequential frequency value is 0,5 urination in Maya, and the highest defecation is 1 in Bembi. The highest frequency for timber violations was Wembi, which was 41, and the lowest was Bembi, 4.5. the highest frequency vocalization behavior is on Maya 4.5 and the lowest is on Bembi 0.
Arctictis binturong, daily behavior of binturongs, conservation organizations, Alobi Animal Rescue Center (PPS).
Macaranga Diversity and Genetic Relationship in Bangka Island
Macaranga Thou. (Euphorbiaceae) is the largest genus which is known as a pioneer on disturbed land due to mining, agriculture, and settlements. The study aims to record diversity and analyze Macaranga relationships on Bangka Island and compare them with those in the Sundaland region. It was carried out in July – Desember 2018 in four habitat types: hills, lowland forest, peat swamp forest, and open land, with each in five different villages. Specimens were identified with the collections of Herbarium Bangka Belitungense and Herbarium Bogoriense. Leaf samples for molecular tests used the teabag method, DNA analysis with a combination of primers ITS4 and ITS5, and analysis using Maximum Likelihood. The five species documented are M. bancana, M. gigantea, M. javanica, M. pruinosa, and M. trichocarpa. All species grow mostly in lowland forests and hill forests, M. pruinosa is only found in peat swamp forests. M. bancana and M. pruinosa are closely related to Macaranga in the Malay Peninsula, M. trichocarpa is close to the species in Borneo, while M. javanica is not known to be related to either the Malay Peninsula or Borneo because there are no comparable sequences. M. gigantea does not show strong genetic differences from the Malay Peninsula or Borneo.
phylogenetic, Macaranga, Bangka Island, Sundaland
Meta-analisis Kolerasi antara Jumlah Trombosit dengan Karakteristik Pasien dalam Patogenesis Malaria
Malaria merupakan penyakit akibat gigitan nyamuk jenis Anopheles betina yang mengandung Plasmodium. Plasmodium merupakan makhluk hidup bersel satu dan termasuk dalam kelompok protozoa yang apabila masuk dalam tubuh nantinya akan hidup dan berkembang biak dalam sel darah manusia. Malaria hampir mempengaruhi semua komponen darah, yaitu salah satunya trombosit yang dapat menyebabkan trombositopenia. Plasmodium sp. diketahui juga memiliki pengaruh terhadap trombosit. Tujuan penelitian ini Kolerasi antara Jumlah Trombosit dengan Karakteristik Pasien dalam Patogenesis Malaria Metode : Ulasan literatur yang melakukan pemeriksaan trombosit pada penderita malaria akibat infeksi Plasmodium sp. Penelusuran literatur dengan menggunakan database pada Google Scholar, PubMed, dan Science Direct. Dengan menggunakan 21 sumber literature, dan 4 dari 21 itu dijadikan sebagai sumber data. Hasil: Penelusuran dari pencarian referensi atau literatur didapatkan bahwa yang paling menderita malaria berada pada rentang usia 12 25 tahun dan 26 45 tahun dan pada jenis kelamin lebih banyak laki-laki yang menderita malaria dibandingkan dengan perempuan dan diketahui bahwa terdapat korelasi antara jumlah trombosit dengan penderita malaria.
The Effect of Mol of Rice Water Waste and Kepok Banana Peel to The Growth of Brassica rapa chinensis
MOL is fermented solution by microbes from organic ingredients such as banana peel. MOL are useful in accelerating the destruction of organic materials and can be used as organic containing NPK fertilizer . This study aims to know the effect of the mixed of rice washing water and banana peel as MOL solution to the growth of pakcoy plants (Brassica rapa chinensis) and the its best concentration. The research design used in this study was a completely randomized design (RAL) consisting of 5 treatments and 5 replications. The treatments in this study were P0 (control) P1 (10%) P2 (20%) P3 (30%) and P4 (40%). The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and continued with the Duncan/DMRT test (Duncan Multipe Range Test) at a significance level of 5%. The results showed that the MOL of kepok banana peel affects the growth of pakcoy plants on certain parameters, namely wet weight, dry weight and plant root length but not for the height and number of leaves. P2 treatment(20%) showed the best results.
Rise washing water, MOL of kepok banana peel, Pakcoy
Ethnobotanical Study of Natural Coloring Plants in Raut Muara Village, Sanggau Regency
ABSTRACT The use of synthetic dyes can trigger health and environmental problems. Natural dyes are one of the innovations to replace the use of synthetic dyes because they are non-toxic and environmentally friendly. The people of Raut Muara Village, Sanggau Regency utilize several plants as natural dyes such as tipu' (Etlingera linguiformis (Roxb.) R.M.Sm) which is used as a food dye, kecombrang (Etlingera elatior (Jack)) as a beverage dye, red bajakah (Spatholobus ferrugineus Zoll.&Moritzi)Benth.) as a cosmetic, and yellow root (Arcangelisia flava (L.) Merr) as a fabric dye. This study aims to increase public knowledge about the types, parts of plants used and processing methods carried out by the people of Raut Muara Village. The method used in the research is descriptive method and data collection techniques by triangulation which is a combination of interviews, observation and documentation. Determination of informants using purposive sampling technique with 53 informants. The results of the study obtained 26 plant species from 22 families that are utilized by the leaves, fruit, seeds, and roots. Keywords: Ethnobotany, Natural coloring, Raut Muara VillageABSTRACT The use of synthetic dyes can trigger health and environmental problems. Natural dyes are one of the innovations to replace the use of synthetic dyes because they are non-toxic and environmentally friendly. The people of Raut Muara Village, Sanggau Regency utilize several plants as natural dyes such as tipu' (Etlingera linguiformis (Roxb.) R.M.Sm) which is used as a food dye, kecombrang (Etlingera elatior (Jack)) as a beverage dye, red bajakah (Spatholobus ferrugineus Zoll.&Moritzi)Benth.) as a cosmetic, and yellow root (Arcangelisia flava (L.) Merr) as a fabric dye. This study aims to increase public knowledge about the types, parts of plants used and processing methods carried out by the people of Raut Muara Village. The method used in the research is descriptive method and data collection techniques by triangulation which is a combination of interviews, observation and documentation. Determination of informants using purposive sampling technique with 53 informants. The results of the study obtained 26 plant species from 22 families that are utilized by the leaves, fruit, seeds, and roots. Keywords: Ethnobotany, Natural coloring, Raut Muara Village
Ethnobotany, Natural coloring, Raut Muara Village
Identifkasi Bakteri dan Fungi Udara pada Pusat Perbelanjaan di Pangkal Pinang
Shopping center is one of the densest areas of human activity, so that the gathering of humans can cause transmission of microorganisms that cause air borne disease. This research was conducted to find out the various types of air pollutant bacteria and fungi on the 2nd Floor of One of the Shopping Center Areas in Pangkal Pinang City. This research was conducted experimentally using Nutrien Agar and Potato Dextrose Agar media for enumeration of bacteria and fungi. Identification of bacteria and fungi was carried out macroscopically, microscopically and biochemically. The results of this study showed that there were 9 bacterial isolates and 4 fungal isolates. The genus of bacteria found is Bacillus sp. Staphylococcus sp. and Nitrobacter sp. As for the genus of fungi found, among others, namely Aspergillus sp. The total bacteria and fungi present in the air in the shopping center have not exceeded the quality standards that have been set, so that it can be said that the air in one of the Pangkal Pinang City Shopping Centers is still healthy
bakteri, fungi, identifikasi, kualitas, udara
Catatan Persebaran Russula cf. cyanoxantha di Hutan Kampus Institut Pertanian Bogor
Russula cyanoxantha is one of a group of ectomycorrhizal-forming mushrooms. This species has a main distribution in the four seasons region. Until now, there is limited information on the distribution and taxonomic studies of this species of mushroom in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aimed to add information on the morphological characteristics, taxonomy, and distribution of R. cyanoxantha in Indonesia. This study was conducted in the campus forest of IPB University. Fresh fruiting bodies were observed in the field and in the laboratory. The parameters observed were macroscopic and microscopic characters of the collected samples. The mushroom found had cap colored in shades of white, gray, and purplish. The lamellae are white to cream colored and adnate to the cap, cylindrical stipe. Spores are round to oval with ornaments in the form of small spines on their cell walls. The results of this study are expected to contribute towards the addition of data on Russula mushrooms in Indonesia.
Basidiomycota, Jawa Barat, Makrofungi, Morfologi.
Oleoresin Potency of Siam Leaf (Chromolaena odorata) on Fruit Fly (Bactrocera cucurbitae) Mortality in In-Vitro Test
Fruit flies are the main pests that attack various types of fruit vegetables and fruits that can caused a damage in the quality and quantity of production. Fruit flies controlling by chemical insecticides is common to use nowadays, but excessive use of chemical insecticides has a negative impact on the health and environment. One alternative to control the fruit flies is using oleoresins of Chromolaena odorata leaf. This study aims to determine the effect of C. Odorata leaf oleoresin on increasing the mortality of fruit fly pests (Bactrocera cucurbitae). This research used an experimental method with Completely Randomized Design (CRD) which had 6 treatment levels, namely: N0 (Aquadest), N1 (Oleoresins 2%), N2 (Oleoresins 4%), N3 (Oleoresins 6%), N4 (Oleoresins 8%), N5 (Oleoresins 10%), was replicated 4 times so there were 24 experimental units. The results showed that the application of C. Odorata leaf oleoresin had no sigificant effect on mortality percentage and mortality rates, but oleoresin had the potential to increasing fruit fly mortality as concentrations increased. It is necessary to test the increasing concentration of oleoresin > 10% to control fruit fly pests.
Mortality, Oleoresins, Botanical Pesticides, Insecticides, Weeds
Analysis of Herbicide Residues for Broadleaf Weeds Control in Savana Bekol Baluran National Park
The research was conducted in the savanna Bekol - Baluran National Park, East Java to find the best rate of herbicide to control broadleaved weeds in the savanna and to estimate the soil residue of herbicide used. The experimental design was a randomized block with six treatments and four replications. The treatments were herbicide applications consisted of (1) the rate of triclopyr at 670 g a.i ha-1 (TA), (2) rate of triclopyr at 1340 a.i ha-1 (TB), (3) the rate of fluroxypyr at 200 g a.i ha-1 (FA), (4) rate of fluroxypir at 400 g a.i ha-1 (FB), (5) Weeding Manual (PM) and (6) Control (K). The application of triclopyr at 670 g ai ha-1 was among the best of treatments applied. Sampling of soil at day 0 and day 28 after application indicated the residue of triclopyr 670 g ai ha-1 was 0.16 ppm and DT50 = 14 d.
broadleaf weeds, fluroxypyr, herbicide residues, triclopyr
Effect of Plasmodium sp. Infection Against Human Platelets: Literature Review
Malaria is a health problem that can cause death. Research based on a literature review shows that malaria is an infectious disease that causes high morbidity worldwide and is the third leading cause of death in the world. Malaria is caused by Plasmodium infection of red blood cells, Plasmodium infection can cause various symptoms in humans, especially in platelets. The purpose of this study was to find out how the effect of Plasmodium sp. infection. Against Human Platelets. This research method uses a literature review (literature review). Literature review is research by searching and mapping literature. This research was conducted using various sources, including books, journals, magazines, and articles. Based on research, Plasmodium infection can disrupt the structure and function of platelets. Almost all blood components are affected by malaria. The risk of malaria is caused by environmental factors. the mobility of malaria sufferers at school and productive age, whose activities are mostly outside the home, makes them very vulnerable to malaria, because they are more often affected than people who do a lot of activities outside the home. So it can be concluded that malaria is influenced by environmental factors. The variability and range of environmental influences on malaria mediators is enormous
Effect on platelets; Malaria factor; Plasmodium sp infection
Characteristics of Various Local Microorganism Formulations (MOL) and Their Effects on The Growth of Ipomoea reptans (L.) Poir
Local microorganisms (MOL) contain fermented solutions made from various local resources. MOL solution has the potential to be used as liquid organic fertilizer because it contains microorganisms that can increase plant growth. This study aims to determine the characteristics of MOL based on different sources of microorganisms obtained from food ingredients typical of Bangka Belitung, as well as to determine their effectiveness on the growth of Ipomoea reptans (L.) Poir. This experimental study used a two-factorial completely randomized design (CRD), namely the type of MOL (without giving MOL (M0), MOL made from Bangka shrimp paste (M1), MOL made from rusip (M2), and MOL made from kitchen waste (M3)) and MOL dose (0% (D0), 15% (D1), 25% (D2), and 50% (D3)). Each treatment was repeated 2 times with a total of 32 experimental units. The variables observed were the characteristics of MOL after 1 week of incubation and the effect of giving MOL on the growth of Ipomoea reptans (L.) Poir 14 days after planting (HST). Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS software version 25 using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) method and Duncan's multiple range test (DMRT) with a 95% confidence level. The results showed that all MOL treatments were successfully fermented with characteristics of sour aroma, liquid texture, produce CO2, acidic pH, and presence of bacteria and mold. The results of ANOVA showed that the factor of giving the type of MOL and the interaction both factor had a significant effect on all observation parameters. However, the MOL dose factor did not significantly affect all observation parameters. Treatment of interaction the type and dose of MOL M2D1 can increase the response of the number of leaves, plant wet weight, plant dry weight, shoot dry weight, and root dry weight of Ipomoea reptans (L.) Poirs. The teratment of M1D3 increased the height response of Ipomoea reptans (L.) Poirs.
characteristics of MOL; Ipomoea reptans (L.) Poirs growth; kitchen waste; rusip; shrimp paste.
Isolasi dan Kelimpahan Cendawan dan Cendawan Pelarut Fosfat pada Pengomposan Serbuk Gergaji dan Sekam Bakar dengan Jenis Kotoran Ternak yang Berbeda
Kompos terbukti memberikan pengaruh positif terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman. Salah satu faktor dari kompos yang memberikan pengaruh adalah aktivitas mikroba dalam melarutkan fosfat di tanah. Bahan organik yang berbeda dalam pembuatan kompos akan menyebabkan aktivitas dan jenis mikroba yang berbeda juga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati kelimpahan cendawan pada berbagai jenis kompos campuran kotoran ternak dan jenis cendawan sebagai pelarut fosfat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dengan perlakuan pengomposan serbuk gergaji, sekam bakar, kotoran ternak (perbandingan massa 7:1:2), yaitu kotoran sapi, kotoran kambing dan kotoran ayam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahan kompos kotoran kambing memiliki kelimpahan cendawan tertinggi dalam periode waktu, diikuti oleh kompos kotoran sapi dan ayam secara berturut-turut. Jumlah genus atau spesies cendawan pelarut fosfat paling variatif berasal dari kompos kotoran sapi, diikuti kotoran kambing dan kotoran ayam secara berturut-turut. Jumlah populasi cendawan dalam kompos berkisar 104 cfu.gram-1 tanah yang didominasi oleh genus Aspergillus. Cendawan pelarut fosfat pada kompos kotoran ternak adalah genus Aspergillus, Penicillium dan Fusarium.
Pengaruh Salinitas terhadap Kepadatan Populasi dan Konsentrasi Klorofil-a Spirulina pada Media Kultur Modifikasi Walne dan Air Limbah Budidaya Ikan
Spirulina merupakan mikroalga hijau kebiruan yang mengandung klorofil-a. Kandungan klorofil-a Spirulina sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan pada media kultur, salah satunya salinitas. Salinitas yang optimal dapat meningkatkan kadar pigmen klorofil-a, namun peningkatan kadar salinitas juga memberikan pengaruh negatif pada pertumbuhan Spirulina, karena dapat menghambat proses fotosintesis, respirasi dan penyerapan nutrisi. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis peningkatan salinitas terhadap penyerapan nutrisi media kultur yang dilihat dari kepadatan sel dan konsentrasi klorofil-a. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental laboratoris. Kadar salinitas yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu 0, 10, 15, 20, 25, dan 30 ppt. Media kultur dimodifikasi dengan penambahan nutrisi walne dan air limbah budidaya ikan dengan perbandingan 1:1, dengan waktu kultur selama 20 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kepadatan sel tertinggi terdapat pada salinitas 30 ppt sebesar 0,635±0,091 dan terendah pada salinitas 0 ppt sebesar 0,293±0,037. Kepadatan sel tertinggi pada semua salinitas rata-rata terjadi pada hari ke-8 hingga ke-10. Konsentrasi klorofil-a tertinggi pada salinitas 10 ppt sebesar 107,153 mg/L dan terendah pada salinitas 25 ppt sebesar 19,684 mg/L. Pada kadar salinitas yang lebih tinggi menghasilkan konsentrasi klorofil-a yang lebih rendah. Berdasarkan penelitian disimpulkan bahwa peningkatan salinitas memberi pengaruh terhadap kepadatan populasi, namun tidak pada konsentrasi klorofil-a Spirulina.
Pengaruh Pupuk Organik Cair (POC) Buah Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) terhadap Pertumbuhan Sawi Hijau
Pupuk organik cair (POC) dibuat secara alami melalui proses fermentasi dan menghasilkan larutan hasil pembusukan dari bahan-bahan organik yang berasal dari tanaman, kotoran hewan, dan sampah organik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dan konsentrasi optimun POC buah belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) terhadap pertumbuhan sawi hijau (Brassica juncea L.). Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri atas 4 perlakuan dan 6 ulangan. Perlakuan pada penelitian ini yaitu P0 (kontrol), P1 (50 ml/L), P2 (75 ml/L), dan P3 (100 ml/L). Data dianalisis dengan ANOVA satu jalur (one way ANOVA) dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut Duncan pada taraf signifikan 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pelakuan P3 (100 ml/L) POC buah belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman sawi (Brassica juncea L.) pada parameter tertentu yaitu berat basah, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan berat kering.